ॐ Hindu Of Universe ॐ
“God’s light is within you, It never leaves you.”
From the ancient days, rishis and other devotees offered flowers to gods and goddesses during their pujas.
The significance of flowers in puja becomes clear from the etymology of the word puja. Puja comes from two Sanskrit words.
The first two letters “Pu” represent Pushpa, which means flowers, and last two “Ja” represent Japa, which refers to the chanting of prayers.
From the pictures and Puranas, we can find that Gods and Goddesses hold or adorn flowers.
For instance, Laksmi Devi has a lotus flower in her hand.
The offering of flowers to the deities marks the completion of the puja.
It is a way of conveying our devotion to the deities.
It also helps to keep the gods and goddesses happy.
While we offer flowers, it will ensure that positive energy spreads throughout the place. Devotees provide fresh flowers to the deities during their morning flowers.
Apart from Pujas, people use flowers for other purposes like decorations, in marriage ceremonies, etc.
In this article, we will look into the significance of offering flowers in a puja, their benefits, and the flowers we have to provide to different deities.
Flowers offered to different deities and their importance: It is always essential to provide fresh flowers plucked from the plants.
We must always consider not taking flowers from the ground.
Similarly, we should not use artificial flowers, dead flowers, and petals of flowers during pujas.
Let’s first look into the types of flowers we offer different deities.
- Lord Hanuman (Jasmine) Devotees offer five or more jasmine flowers at the feet of the idols and pictures of Lord Hanuman.
It is way of showing their reverence along with vermilion.
- Ma Kali (Red Hibiscus) – Worshippers provide garlands made from 108 Red Hibiscus flowers to Ma Kali.
It is because the petals o Hibiscus resemble the shape of Ma Kali’s tongue.
The redness of the flower is also a symbol of Ma Kali’s fierceness.
- Saraswati Devi (Palash) – As per our beliefs, we consider Saraswati Devi to be fond of white flowers like Palash.
By offering Palash t Devi during the puja is an ideal way of worshipping her.
- Lord Vishnu (Parijata, Marigold) Devotees offer the garlands made from Marigold flowers to Lord Vishnu.
It is saffron in color Parijata, popularly known as Coral Jasmine, is another flower used during the worship of Lord Vishnu.
As per the ancient scripts and tales we believe it is a flower that emerged during the churning of the ocean.
While worshipping Lord Krishna, one of the Avataras of Lori Vishnu, devotees place basil leaves on the feet of his idols and pictures.
It is a way of conveying their devotion.
- Lord Shiva (Dhatura, Crown Flower, Purple Orchid) – According to the legends, Dhatura is a flower that emerged during the churning o the ocean.
It helped in consuming the poison and came from Lord Shiva’s chest.
Devotees believe Dhatura is Lord Shiva’s favorite flower They usually offer Dhatura while conducting pujas for Lord Shiva.
Crown Flower and Purple Orchid are other significant flowers used in th worship of Lord Shiva.
- Goddess Durga (Nerium Oleander) – Goddess Durga likes reddish flowers.
So, devotees offer flowers like Nerium Oleander to pay thei respects to Goddess Durga.
- Goddess Lakshmi (Lotus) – As we have discussed earlier, Goddess Lakshmi holds a Lotus flower in her hand.
While we offer Lotu flowers to Her, we can gain Her blessings and attain wisdom.
These are some flowers offered to Hindu deities and their importance.
It is always essential to consider the number of flowers used in Pujas.
For instance, we can offer:
1. Zero to ten flowers to Lord Shiva
2. One to nine flowers to Goddess Durga
3. Five flowers for Lord Hanuman
4. Eight flowers for Lord Ganpati
5. Three flowers for Lord Krishna
6. Four flowers to Shriram
Significance and benefits of offering flowers in a puja:
Offering flowers in a puja has different benefits and importance.
It is not just a way of conveying our devotion to divine entities.
Let us look into the significance of flowers in a puja.
- Flowers can attract the subtlest particles or Pavitraks from the idols.
It is a way of transmitting God’s Chaitanya to the devotees.
- As mentioned in the previous section, we offer flowers in particular numbers.
It is a way of attracting waves of knowledge, desire, and action from the deities.
- While offering flowers to Gods and Goddesses, always start from bright colored small flowers.
You can conclude with large white flowers.
It is a symbol of moving away from the materialized world.
It aids in merging with the non-materialized realm of the Gods.
- When you are offering a flower, always provide the flower with its stalk facing the deity.
It helps in emitting Sagun waves to the devotees.
They can accept the Chaitanya from the divinity.
5. Through the medium of smell, touch, and sight, flowers act as a way of attaining Sattvik waves.
6. By offering fresh flowers, we can embrace higher levels of vibrations from the idols.
7. The flowers can fight negative energies and vibrations.
It releases frequencies akin to that of the divine principles.
These are some of the significances of offering flowers in a Puja.
Now, let us look into their benefits of flowering flowers.
- The fragrances from the flowers can enhance our mood.
It also helps us to concentrate and focus.
2. Most of the flowers have medicinal values. Being in their presence can evade several diseases.
3. Flowers can improve the health of our Chakras.
It is because their fragrances act performs the role of aromatherapy.
- They can enhance our connection with the divine entities.
It also allows us to move away from materialism.
- While plucking flowers in the morning for pujas, it helps us to connect with nature.
It is also a way of relaxing our minds.
These are some of the many benefits of flowers in pujas and other rituals.
Incorporating flowers into our daily prayers is the perfect way to enhance our connection with the divine entities.
Get Blessings Of These 10 Hindu Gods By Offering The Right Flower As Per Mythology
To get the blessings of your favourite God you must make the right offerings as per religious knowledge passed on by ancestors.
Going by mythology, some Gods and Goddesses have a preference for flowers with their own theories.
So here is a complete list of which flower should be offered to which God or Goddess.
Jasmine For Lord Hanuman
Jasmine is one flower which is not just fragrant but it also has medicinal values and had great significance in Hindu religion.
Offer these to Lord Hanuman along with vermillion.
Palash Flowers For Goddess Saraswati
Goddess Saraswati must be offered the palash flowers.
It is believed that she is fond of white coloured flowers so a puja without Palash is never complete.
Marigold For Lord Vishnu
Lord Vishnu likes chameli, juhi, Ashoka, champa and he also loves basil leaves.
Not every tradition but in some, marigold is also offered to him to seek his blessings.
Lotus For Goddess Laxmi
Lotus is synonymous with Goddess Laxmi, the deity of prosperity and wealth.
Devotees offer this flower during Diwalipuja or Laxmi pujan.
It is also believed that if you keep this flower in your temple then it brings good fortune.
Nerium Oleander For Goddess Durga
This flower, which is also known as Arali is offered to many deities including Lord Ram and Goddess Durga.
It comes in many colours pink, red and white.
But many offer it to Durga Ma for her blessings.
Hibiscus For Lord Ganesha
Hibiscus is a favourite of many deities including Lord Ganesha.
He is believed to be a fan of red coloured flowers which is where a ruby red hibiscus steps in.
Kadamba Or Parijat For Lord Krishna
Lord Krishna is said to have spent a lot of time in Kadamba forest during his younger days.
This is when he is believed to have grown fond of kadamba flowers which are fragrant.
He is also fond of Parijat flowers as per beliefs.
Kaner Flower For Lord Shiva
Lord Shiva is said to love dhatura, kaner flower, aak, kush or kusum.
Some even plant bel tree outside the temple dedicated to him.
Aboli For Goddess Kali
Goddess Kali must be worshipped with red flowers and she generally is said to like hibiscus.
But you can also get dark roses, aboli and crimson glory.
The story behind it is that her effigy is a garland of asura heads around her neck and blood can be seen dripping down her mouth, so this is why devotees offer red flowers.
List of Flowers Loved by Hindu Gods
Since ancient times, flowers have been a popular gift or offering.
It is believed that if a person with righteous deeds offers flowers and heartfelt prayers to the gods, then God will bestow their blessings on them.
Flowers, in particular are an important part of all ceremonies in Hindu culture.
Offering flowers at the feet of God’s idols is a symbolic act of offering the purest and sincerest prayers to the highest power.
Each god or goddess has their own preference when it comes to flowers.
Therefore, each flower has the ability to attract a certain god.
It is believed that each person can attract a lot of happiness, wealth and well-being by offering certain flowers to certain gods who have certain flowers dear to them.
Here are the list of flowers for each God or Goddess:
Dhatura (Lord Shiva)
According to the Hindu religious text Vamana Purana, Dhatura appeared on the chest of Shiva when he drank poison that was churned out of the ocean by the gods and Demons.
Since then, it is his favorite flower and is offered to him to get rid of ego, envy, rivalry out of one’s life.
Red Hibiscus (Goddess Kali)
The flower represents Maa Kali’s tongue and the color denotes her fierceness.
Thus, in West Bengal, red Hibiscus flower is made into a garland of 108 flowers to be offered to the Goddess.
Parijata (Lord Vishnu)
Parijata flower or Night-flowering coral Jasmine whose roots are in heaven.
This flower is believed to be the favorite of Lord Vishnu, Goddess Laxmi and their incarnations.
It is believed that this tree was churned out of the ocean by the Gods and demons.
Afterwards, Lord Vishnu brought it to heaven because of its beauty and fragrant smell, which would spread the scent all over.
It is hence considered his favorite flower.
Lotus (Goddess Laxmi)
The Goddess of wealth and prosperity, Laxmi sits on a lotus flower and it can thus be concluded that it’s her favorite.
If you offer a Lotus flower to goddess Laxmi during Diwali or Laxmi Pooja, her gratification will be returned by granting you wealth and good fortune.
If you keep a lotus seed mala or rosary in the temple of your home, it will please her.
Marigold (Lord Ganesha)
All red colored flowers are dear to Lord Ganesha but the yellow saffron flower named Marigold is a particular favorite.
In particular, Red Genda or Red Marigold flowers are seen as Lord Vinayak’s favorite.
This flower is special because it is the only flowers of the Hindu deities that can be divided into its petals.
Other than that, Marigold flowers represent positivity and are auspicious.
Palash (Goddess Saraswati)
Goddess Saraswati is the Goddess of knowledge, who is also particularly fond of white flowers. Which is why the worship of Goddess Saraswati is considered incomplete without the presence of Palash flowers, which are her favorite.
These beautiful flowers resonate knowledge and creativity hence blends perfectly with the goddess of wisdom.
Tulsi (Lord Krishna)
Tulsi is a medicinal plant that is both used a flower and an auspicious leaf for the worship of Lord Krishna.
Due to his fondness for this plant, it is present in most of the temples as Prasada.
Hence, Tulsi is also known as Krishna tulsi.
Other flowers beloved by Lord Krishna includes blue Lotus and coral flowers.
Akanda (Lord Shiva)
This gorgeous but unique looking flower is also called the Crown Flower which is considered Shiva’s favorite because of its color and shape.
This poisonous flower is therefore a must-have ingredient for Shiva’s Puja and its auspiciousness can be determined by it being used in pujas – specially offered to Mahadeva, the destroyer for his puja.
Jasmine (Lord Hanuman)
Although Jasmine flowers are known for its fragrance and used for its medicinal properties, these flowers being the favorite of Lord Hanuman holds religious importance.
According to rituals, he is supposed to be offered five Jasmine flowers, also known as Chameli.
Offering Jasmine oil along with sindoor or vermilion to him also helps in warding off evils from your life.
Sacred Blooms: Discover the 10 Favorite Flowers of Hindu Gods
“Flowers please the mind and grant prosperity.
Hence, men with righteous deeds bestowed the name Sumana on them.”
According to this verse from the epic Mahabharata, when a pious man with a pure heart offers flowers to the deities, the deities become gratified and as a result bestow prosperity upon him.
Yes, flowers play a significant role in almost every religious ritual in Hinduism.
Any religious ceremony, be it offering prayers or performing Aarti, is incomplete without flowers.
Worshiping Hindu Gods and Goddesses with Hindu flowers that are mentioned in the Hindu mythology that are not only considered auspicious but have their own importance too is considered to be an auspicious deed and therefore, these flowers are an integral part of every pooja. Although any type of flower can be offered to any God yet, there are certain ones that happen to be the favorite flowers of Hindu Gods that can bring you good fortune if offered to Hindu Gods and Goddesses for instance, Mahadev’s favourite flower is considered to be Datura.
Know here what flowers God and Goddesses love to get adorned with:
1. Dhatura
According to the Hindu religious text Vamana Purana, when Lord Shiva drank the poison which was churned out of the ocean by the Gods and demons, Dhatura appeared from the chest of Lord Shiva.
Since then, Dhatura has become Lord Shiva’s favorite flower.
Hence, Dhatura is offered to Lord Shiva during Shiv Puja to get rid of the poison of ego, rivalry, envy, and hatred.
While there are some other Shiva flowers like Akand, and Bael Patra, Ketaki flower is never used in the worship of Shiva.
The story of the cursed Ketaki flower serves as a powerful lesson in devotion, integrity, and humility.
Lord Shiva, the destroyer of falsehood, teaches that true devotion is not built upon lies and manipulation but on sincerity and authenticity.
The exclusion of the Ketki flower from Shiva’s offerings serves as a constant reminder of the consequences of deception and the need for genuine reverence in worship.
2. Red Hibiscus
This enchanting and ravishing red-colored flower is offered to Goddess Kali.
It is because the shape of the flower represents Maa Kali’s tongue and it’s red color symbolizes Maa Kali’s fierceness.
Thus, in West Bengal, Goddess Kali is adorned with a garland of 108 red Hibiscus flowers during Kali pooja.
3. Parijata
Parijata flower or Night-flowering coral Jasmine is a divine flower whose roots are in heaven since it is a Vishnu flower.
This flower is believed to be the favorite of Lord Vishnu, Goddess Laxmi, and their incarnations.
According to Hindu mythology, this tree came out as a result of the churning of the ocean by the Gods and demons.
Lord Indra found this tree and brought it to heaven where its beautiful and fragrant flowers spread beneath the tree and pleasured the Gods.
4. Lotus
The Goddess of wealth and prosperity, Laxmi sits on a lotus flower and thus, this flower becomes Goddess Laxmi’s favorite flower.
If you offer a Lotus flower to goddess Laxmi during Diwali or Laxmi pooja, it will make her gratified and in return, she will grant wealth and good fortune.
In fact, if you keep a lotus seed mala or rosary in the temple of your home, it will please Goddess Laxmi.
5. Marigold
All red colored flowers are dear to Lord Ganesha but the saffron yellow flower named Marigold is Lord Ganesha’s favorite flower.
Especially Red Genda or Red Marigold flowers are believed to please the Vinayaka greatly.
This flower is special because it is the only flower of the Hindu deities that can be divided into its petals.
The Marigold’s vibrant petals and its universal appeal make it a fitting emblem of devotion that spans cultures and faiths.
From its cherished place in Hindu rituals, where it embodies the blessings of Goddess Lakshmi, to its recognition in diverse traditions, the Marigold stands as a testament to the timeless connection between the human spirit and the beauty of the natural world.
6. Palash
The Goddess of knowledge who wears a white saree and sits on a white Lotus, Devi Saraswati is fond of Palash flowers.
Although all white colored flowers are liked by Devi Saraswati, Palash flowers are considered to be the essential component in Saraswati puja.
In fact, the worship of Devi Saraswati is considered incomplete without Palash flowers.
7. Tulsi
Tulsi, a medicinal plant acts both as a flower and an auspicious leaf which is used in the worship of Lord Krishna.
It is because Tulsi or Basil leaves are loved by Lord Krishna and thus, in most of the temples, Tulsi leaf is also offered as Prasada.
Hence, Tulsi is also known as Krishna Tulsi.
Other flowers like blue Lotus and coral flowers are also loved by Lord Krishna.
Tulsi stands as a unique embodiment of devotion, purity, and the divine within the world of flowers.
Its presence in Hindu rituals, its rich mythological background, and its remarkable medicinal properties all contribute to its status as a god flower.
In gardens, homes, and temples, Tulsi serves as a constant reminder of the harmonious connection between nature, spirituality, and the human spirit.
8. Crown Flower
Lord Shiva’s favorite flower has intrigued devotees and scholars alike for generations, sparking discussions about its symbolism and significance in Hindu mythology. Many enthusiasts of Hinduism often wonder,
“What is Lord Shiva’s favorite flower?”
This question has led to various interpretations and cultural practices associated with divine offerings.
With a white and purple shade, this flower is one of Lord Shiva’s favourite flowers, has five petals along with a crown-like ring and hence the name crown flower.
Also known as Akanda, this is a poisonous flower and, therefore is a must-have ingredient for Shiv Puja.
Crown flowers have beautiful shades of purple and though considered to be poisonous, the auspiciousness of the flower can be determined by it being used in pujas and offered to Lord Shiva also popular as the destroyer within the Trimurti.
Lord Shiva’s favorite flower has intrigued devotees and scholars alike for generations, sparking discussions about its symbolism and significance in Hindu mythology.
9. Red Nerium Oleander
Yet another beautiful choice of flowers, these flowers with beautiful hues of pink and are offered to Goddess Durga, Kali, Gauri as well as her other “Roopas”.
This flower is also important in “Tantrik worship” which is yet another important aspect of Hindu mythology.
Even the scrubs of these flowers are important when worshipping the Goddesses and it is also believed that the devotee who takes the path of “Tantra” has to worship and complete the related”Mantra Jaap” near a red Oleander tree.
With the aid of online floral services, the act of offering blooms to the divine has seamlessly merged with the digital era, allowing devotees to express their reverence from anywhere in the world.
10. Jasmine
Although Jasmine flowers are known for their fragrance and medicinal properties, these flowers, besides being considered Lord Hanuman’s favourite flower also hold a religious importance.
Jasmine is loved by Lord Hanuman and according to the ritual, five Chameli or Jasmine flowers should be offered to please Lord Hanuman.
Offering Jasmine oil along with sindoor or vermilion to Lord Hanuman also helps in warding off evils from your life.
Flowers in Hinduism are often associated with spirituality and devotion and therefore when it comes to offering respect to the Gods and Goddesses, flowers are what comes first into our mind.
Delving into the rich tapestry of religious traditions, it becomes clear that the divine realm has a penchant for certain blossoms.
From Lord Shiva’s fondness for the Lotus to Goddess Lakshmi’s preference for Marigolds, the pages of mythology are adorned with tales of which god likes which flower.
flowers offered to hindu gods and goddesses in pooja (worship)
flowers are intrinsic part of hindu worship and rituals. the fragrance of the flower pleases the deity. they create a pleasant and aesthetic value to the pooja ritual. they are symbol of happiness, prosperity and completion of purpose of life.
its good to follow the rituals correctly like offering right flower to the deity. but its also important to have a deep devotion and trust in the deity. have a child like innocence and love for your chosen deity, whom you worship regularly. any prayer done with sincerity is heard by the almighty.
while offering flowers use all five fingers. usually they are offered at the feet of the deity. if you are doing regular sadhana then its best to have the flower plant at home so that you can offer fresh flower to the deity. always offer fresh flowers to the deity. pluck the flowers after taking the bath but before the evening.
when you visit any temple then you will normally find a flower shop outside the temple. they know best which flower need to be offered to the main deity of the temple.
flowers offered to hindu gods and goddess:
- lord ganesha – any red color flower will do. however the red color jaswanti flower (hibiscus) is favorite to ganesha. jaswanti flower comes in many different colors. so choose the red color if possible. you can also offer lotus, champa, rose, jasmine, yellow and orange marigold flowers. apart from this you can offer dhurva grass blades (1,3,5,7), bilva leaves and herbal leaves. usually 21 different varieties of flowers and leaves are used while performing ganesha pooja.
- lord shiva – any white flower will do. you can offer maulshri, blue lotus (if blue lotus is not there then you can offer pink lotus or white lotus) and kaner. bel leaves (9 or 10), dhatura flowers, naagkeshar, harsingar, and aak (aakamda) flowers are also favorite of shiva. however bilvapatra is most important in shiva pooja. in the bilvapatra the chakra and the bajra should not be there. the chakra is a white mark made by the insects on the bilvapatra, while the bajra is the thick portion towards the stalk. this part should be broken. the bilvapatra half eaten up by the insects is also not considered good for worshipping shiva.
- goddess durga – most red color flowers like hibiscus. you can also offer lotus, mogra flower and bel leaves (1 or 9)
- goddess parvati – she is fond of all flowers offered to lord shiva. apart from them you can offer bela, white lotus, palash, madar, apamarg, champa and chameli.
- lord vishnu – he is very fond of lotus. you can offer pink lotus, maulshri, juhi (jasmine), kadamb, kewra, chameli, champa, ashok, malti and basanti. tulsi leaves are dear to vishnu. so you can offer tulsi leaves: (1,3,5,7,9).
- ma lakshmi – she likes the lotus most. you can offer pink lotus, yellow gaindha (marigold) and desi gulab/rose (not hybrid). in fruits you can offer one shriphal (bel fruit)
- lord rama – chameli flower (4).
- lord hanuman – chameli flower. garland made up of tulsi or aak leaves.
- lord dattatreya – juhi/jasmine (7), bilva leaves, audumbar leaves. audumbar tree is associated with guru dattatreya
- lord krishna – tulsi leaves are very dear to krishna. blue lotus (3), parijatha (coral flowers) and nandhyavattai. generally most local flowers are offered to krishna.
- lord brahma – tagar and white lotus (6)
- goddess saraswati – any white flower or white lotus (9) or palash flowers.
- goddess mahakali – yellow kaner (9)
- lord saturn – worship with blue color flowers. its done on saturday.
- sun god (surya devata) – lotus flower
- which flowers are not offered to gods:
- 1. lord shiva – champa (champaka) and ketaki or kewda (fragrant screw pine). because it was cursed by lord shiva along with lord brahma for lying.
2. lord ganesha- ketaki flower and tulsi (holy basil). read why tulsi is not offered to lord ganesha.
3. goddess parvati – arka (milkweeds) and amla (indian gooseberry)
4. lord vishnu – ‘aksada’ is not used in pooja
5. lord rama – arali (nerium oleander)
6. sun god (surya devta) – vilva (bilva or bael leaves)
7. lord bairava – nandyarvattam (east indian rosebay, crape jasmine) - rules for offering flowers:
1. never pluck flowers during evening. always express gratitude to plant while plucking flowers. traditionally a mantra is also chanted while plucking the flower.
2 don’t offer flowers which are picked up from ground.
3. offer fresh flowers and not stale flowers. that said, don’t offer flower which is not bloomed up fully or the flower whose petals have withered away.
4. flower buds are not offered. but buds of champa and lotus are two exceptions.
5. don’t steal the flowers or beg for them.
6. don’t offer flowers which are washed with water. however you can sprinkle some water on them.
7. don’t offer flowers which have diseases or infested with insects or damaged.
8. don’t pluck tulsi from plant on the eve of sankranti, dwadashi (12th), amavashya (no moon), purnima (full moon), sunday and during evening hours.
9. lotus stay fresh for around 5 days.
10. if you are not getting new leaves of bilva patra, then the leaves which are already offered to god may be reused after washing.
About Flowers used in Hindu Rituals and Pujas
In Hinduism, flowers constitute an important offering made to the deities.
Flowers are used while doing puja at home, temples and at sacred places.
In fact, rarely do we come across a puja in Hindu religion without flowers.
The idol or image of the deity in temple and home is decorated with garlands of flowers and leaves.
Flowers are also placed at the feet of deity and the idol is also showered with flowers.
Details about the types of flowers that can be used for puja and the method in which they are to be used in puja and rituals are mentioned in the scriptures.
Some flowers are associated by a particular deity; while a particular flower is never used due to a curse etc.
Generally, flowers with strong odor are not used. Similarly, flowers without fragrance are also not used.
Flowers that are not fully blossomed are not used.
Mutilated and flowers eaten by insects are avoided.
Flowers grown in a garden is considered apt for puja.
Flowers collected from forest are also used.
Flowers used in a Hindu puja are classified into Sattva, Rajas and Tamas.
The classification is based on their color, fragrance, shape and origin.
Sattva and Rajas flowers are used in daily worship.
Tamas flowers are avoided and some are used during festivals.
Flowers like Arka, Nandyavartham, drona, white lotus, jasmine, coral tree flowers etc are considered as Sattva flowers.
The Rajas flowers include Red lotus, trumpet flowers, white thorn apple flowers etc.
The Tamas flowers include ketaki, China rose, cotton plant, Kasa grass etc.
Flowers and Leaves used in Ganesh Puja
Each deity in Hinduism has its own favorite flowers and leaves and they are used by Hindus during worship and while performing pujas on festivals.
All festivals and rituals in Hindu religion begin with Ganesh Pooja.
Red colored flowers are the favorite of Lord Ganesha.
Here is a list of flowers and leaves that are offered while praying to Lord Ganesha:
Red Flowers: Any usual red color flower used in Hindu rituals.
Durva Grass is an important offering to Ganesh.
Especially in South India, you will find vendors selling garlands of Durva outside Ganesh Temples.
It is known as arugam pul in Tamil, Dhub, Durva and Haritali in Hindi (North India).
Bermuda or Bahama Grass is the English name.
Another important flower offered is the Milkweed flower.
It is known as Arka in Hindi and Eruku or Erukkum Poo in South India.
Jilledi is the name used in Eastern India.
Pomegranate leaves and flowers are also offered in many places.
Another important flower and leaf offered is the Sanku Pushpam or Conch flower.
Leaves and flowers of Screw Pine are also offered. It is known as Ketaki or Kedgi in Hindi and Kaita in South India.
There are also other local flowers and leaves that are used like the Naga leaves.
Tulsi leaves and flowers are not generally used in Ganesh Puja. But it is used during Vinayaka Chaturthi or Ganesh Puja.
Ganesh Patris – Pictures of 21 Leaves used during Ganesh Chaturthi Puja
For Ganesh Chaturthi Puja 21 leaves are used.
The leaves are also known as Ganesh Patris.
Below are the pictures of 21 leaves used during Vinayaka Chaturthi.
Traditionally leaves of 108 different types of plants are offered.
But today most people confine the offering to Durva grass and Bilva leaves.
In some regions, certain wild leaves are worshipped instead of Ganesh murti.
In most community pujas, 21 different types of leaves are offered.
Tulsi leaves are only used during Ganesh Chaturthi puja.
It is not used during other Ganesh pujas.
Nirguda Kimva or Neem is used.
Both are not used together.
Similarly, Kevada or Dorali is used.
Both are not used together.
Dorali is also known as Ranvange.
Not all 21 leaves are offered in pujas performed in homes.
Mango leaves are also widely used for decorating the puja area.
Flowers and Leaves Offered to Goddess Lakshmi during Puja
Lakshmi Puja is one of the most important pujas performed by Hindus.
It is done to seek blessings and favor from Goddess Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth and prosperity.
Based on the Puranas, each Hindu deity has favorite flowers and leaves and it is used for pujas and other rituals.
Lakshmi puja is mainly performed during Diwali or Deepavali.
Another major Lakshmi Puja is the Varalakshmi Puja during Shravan or Sawan month in South India.
Here is a list of flowers and leaves that are used in Lakshmi Puja:
Lotus: Goddess Lakshmi is associated with Lotus and she is portrayed.
Lotus is Kamal in Hindi, Ambuja, Padma, Pankaja, kamala in Sanskrit, Ambal and Thamarai in Tamil, Kamala and Tavaregadde in Kannada, Thamara and Senthamara in Malayalam, Padam in Oriya, Padma in Bengali, Kamala in Marathi, Lalung and Erra Tamara in Telugu and Suriyakamal in Gujarati.
Durva Grass (Dhruva) is an important offering to Goddess Lakshmi.
This grass is an important element in most Hindu pujas.
It is known as arugam pul in Tamil, Dhub, Durva and Haritali in Hindi (North India), Hariali in Kannada.
Bermuda or Bahama Grass is the English name.
Fragrant Screw Pine: There are numerous myth in Hinduism associated with screw pine.
It is used in several pujas and avoided by some deities.
It is Umbrella Tree, Screw pine and Screw tree in English, Keora (Hindi), Mugali (Telugu), Ketuki (Bengali), Thazhampoo (Tamil, Kannada), Kaita (Malayalam), Kevada (Marathi, Gujarati), Ketaki (Sanskrit).
The flower that is usually avoided during Lakshmi puja is Thumba poo a small white bell-shaped flower.
The flowers used also vary from region.
Lotus is considered to be most important flower in Lakshmi Puja.
Flowers and Leaves offered to Lord Krishna during Pujas and Prayers
Tulsi, or Tulasi leaves is the most important leaf and flower used in pujas and prayers dedicated to Lord Krishna.
Tulsi acts both as a flower and leaf and in most temples it is also offered as ‘prasad.
’ It is also known as Krishna Tulsi – a dark variety of the plant.
It is holy basil in English and in most Indian languages it is known as Tulsi or Thulasi.
Tulsi is the favorite flower and leaf of Sri Krishna.
It is always said by elders that the greatest offering to Lord Krishna is a Tulsi leaf.
Nandhyavattai is another flower is used in South India.
Another important flower that is used in some regions is the Parijatha or coral flowers.
Usually all local flowers that are used pujas and prayers are used in worshipping Lord Krishna.
Flowers that are avoided during Krishna Puja include hibiscus, milkweed and angel’s trumpets.
Importance of Flowers in Indian Culture & Pooja Rituals
Indian culture lays emphasis on natural things such as air, soil, water and flowers.
Special significance is given to flowers, which are so important that without them no auspicious work can ever be done.
A lot of people start their day by offering flowers to statue of gods and on photo of their ancestors.
Without flowers, no marriage can ever be completed. Not only that, flowers are used to make herbal medicines as well.
RELIGION
Whether it’s daily prayer or sacrifice (havan),fresh indian flowers are a must. In fact, the Sanskrit word for prayer — ‘Puja’ — is derived from two words; Pushpa (meaning flower) and Japa (meaning to recite the name of god).
Along with the mantras, fresh flowers are offered to the deity & in temples as a symbol of purity and devotion towards nature & mother earth.
Hindu Puranas are filled with stories of gods and details such as their favourite flowers.
Gifting flowers is not just limited for pooja ritual but they are also shared as a symbol of love & affection.
- According to rituals, 5 or more pieces of Jasmine flowers must be placed on the feet of Lord Hanuman’s statue or idol, to please him.
• For the prayer of Maa Kali, a garland of 108 Red Hibiscus flowers is offered, as the flower’s shape is said to resemble her tongue.
• Goddess Laxmi is often depicted with Lotus flower in her hand, it is said that if they are offered to her, she’ll bless the devotee with wealth and prosperity.
• Basil leaves can be commonly seen placed on the feet of Lord Krishna’s statue.
• Dhatura is the favourite flower of Lord Shiva.
WEDDINGS
In traditional Indian culture, as the prospective bride and groom arrive on stage, they put a garland of flowers on each other.
After the wedding pheras are completed, the attendees bless the couple by showering flowers on them.
Finally, as the married couple enters home, they’re made to play a “find the ring” game from a bowl of milk with rose petals in it.
There’s a reason why so many flowers are used — it’s considered to be a good wish for the couple to have a happy life ahead.
Even in some villages in south india, the whole baraat is welcomed by raining flower petals & spraying flower scents on them.
Also, the doli cars are awash with decorative fresh indian flowers.
ATTIRE
It’s customary among South Indian Women to wear a flower garland (Gajra) on head.
Some wear a bead of Parijata flowers as necklace. The fresh fragrance of these brings positive vibes to the surroundings.
These traditional garlands have found their way in the modern fashion and are improvised with glittering threads with embedded decoratives that are loved by even foreigners & they flower garlands as a souvenir.
Putting on a garland of flowers to welcome people is a common sight in India.
VIP’s are greeted on stage with a bouquet of flowers.
Some like White Palash are considered sacred and lucky.
MEDICINAL USE
Since early times humans have been using flowers as eatables & medicinal herbs.
Recent research shown by various exploration channels (National Geographic, Discovery) shows that even animals are aware of medicinal use of flowers and are seen consuming them during various health conditions and to heal their bruises fast.
Women love using rose water for nourishing & toning their skin, sunflower is considered the best cooking oil and is rich in vitamins & antioxidants.
Tulsi leaves are used in cold, cough conditions & also used in green tea and promotes healthy weight loss.
Traditional medicines are made from Dhatura.
FUNERAL
Next to the body of departed soul, fresh flowers such as Marigold, Roses, Carnations and Jasmine are kept.
The body is lit with the flowers being burned along that person.
This again shows how much flowers are important in Indian culture — on all the important landmarks for a person, from birth till death, they are there.
Significance of offering flowers in a puja
Since ancient times, devotees and rishis have offered flowers to gods or goddesses at pujas.
The etymology behind the word puja makes it clear what flowers are and how they are used in puja.
Two Sanskrit words are the basis of puja.
The two first letters of Pu, the Pushpa word, refer to flowers.
The two last letters Ja represent Japa which is the chanting prayers.
We can see that Gods and Goddesses have flowers or embellish them from the Puranas.
Laksmi Devi, for instance, holds a lotus blossom in her hand.
The puja is complete when flowers are offered to the deities.
This is a way to show our devotion to the deities.
It helps keep the goddesses and gods happy.
Flowers are not only beautiful, but they also spread positive energy throughout the area.
Devotees offer fresh flowers to the deities at their morning prayers. Flowers are not only used in Pujas.
They can also be used as decorations or for marriage ceremonies.
This article will discuss the importance of flowers being offered in pujas, their benefits and what flowers are best for different deities.
Different deities are represented with flowers and their significance:
Always provide fresh flowers from the plants. It is important to remember not to take flowers from the ground.
Also, during pujas, it is important to not use artificial flowers or dead flowers.
Let’s start by looking at the different types of flowers that we offer to deities.
1.Lord Hanuman (Jasmine)
Devotees may offer five to ten jasmine flowers to Lord Hanuman’s idols or pictures.
This is their way of showing reverence and vermilion.
2.Ma Kali (Red Hibiscus)
Worshippers present garlands of 108 Red Hibiscus flowers to Ma Kali.
Because the Hibiscus petals resemble Ma Kali’s tongue, it is because they are so similar to her tongue.
Ma Kali’s fierceness is also represented by the red color of the flower.
2.Saraswati Devi (Palash)
According to our beliefs, Saraswati Devi is fond of Palash and white flowers.
Offering Palash to Devi during puja is a great way to worship her.
3.Lord Vishnu (Parijata, Marigold)
Devotees present garlands made of Marigold flowers to Lord Vishnu. It has a saffron color. Parijata is also known as Coral Jasmine.
It is used in the worship of Lord Vishnu.
According to ancient tales and scripts, it is believed that this flower was created during the churning ocean.
One of the most important aspects of Lord Krishna’s worship was his ability to identify and communicate with one another.
Avataras Basil leaves are placed at the feet of idols and pictures of Lord Vishnu by devotees.
This is their way of expressing their love.
4.Lord Shiva (Dhatura – Crown Flower, Purple Orchid, Lord Shiva)
Dhatura is believed to have emerged from the ocean’s churning.
It was Lord Shiva’s chest and helped to consume the poison. Dhatura is believed to be Lord Shiva’s favorite flower by devotees.
They often offer Dhatura when they perform pujas for Lord Shiva.
Other important flowers for Lord Shiva worship include Purple Orchid and Crown Flower.
5.Goddess Durga (Nerium Oleander)
Goddess Durga likes reddish flowers.
Devotees offer Nerium Oleander flowers to Goddess Durga to show their respects.
6.Goddess Lakshmi (“Lotus”)
Goddess Lakshmi carries a Lotus flower in her hands, as we discussed previously.
We can offer Lotus flowers to Goddess Lakshmi and gain her blessings.
These are the flowers that were offered to Hindu deities.
It is important to always consider the Pujas:
Number of flowers used We can offer:
We can offer, for example:
- Lord Shiva may accept 0-10 flowers
- Two to nine flowers for Goddess Durga
- Five flowers for Lord Hanuman
- Eight flowers for Lord Ganpati
- Three flowers for Lord Krishna
- Four flowers for Shriram
The significance and benefits of flowers being offered in puja
Flowers in puja have different benefits and significance.
This is more than a way to express our devotion to the divine entities.
Let’s examine the meaning of flowers in a puja.
- The most subtle particles, Pavitraks can be attracted to flowers by idols.
It’s a way to transmit God’s Chaitanya directly to devotees.
2. We offer flowers in specific numbers, as mentioned in the preceding section.
It’s a way to attract the deities in a wave of knowledge, desire, or action.
3. Brightly colored small flowers are the best flowers to offer Gods and Goddesses when you’re offering flowers.
End your ceremony with large white flowers.
It symbolizes the dissolution of the materialized world.
It assists in merging with non-materialized realms of the Gods.
4. Always offer a flower to the deity with the stalk facing you.
It assists in emitting Sagun waves towards the devotees.
They can accept the Chaitanya form the divinity.
5. Flowers can be used to achieve Sattvik waves through the senses of touch, smell, and sight.
6. We can receive higher vibrations from the idols by offering fresh flowers.
7. Flowers can neutralize negative vibrations and energies.
It emits frequencies that are similar to the divine principles.
These are just a few of the meanings of flowers being offered in Puja.
Let’s now look at their significance.
Benefits of flowering flowers.
1. Flowers can make us feel happier. It can also help us focus and concentrate.
2. Many flowers have medicinal properties. Many diseases can be avoided by being in their company.
3. The health of our Chakras can be improved by flowers. This is because flowers’ fragrances can perform the role of aromatherapy.
4. They can help us to connect with the divine entities. It allows us to get rid of materialism.
5. It helps us connect to nature by picking flowers early in the morning to make pujas. It can also be a way to relax our minds.
Pooja Flowers That You Can Offer to Deities
Flowers are amongst the most beautiful treasures that Mother Nature has bestowed us with.
Flowers are considered auspicious and they are also an integral part of Hindu worshipping.
There is no puja or prayer that is considered complete without adding colourful, vibrant and fragrant flowers.
But it is not just any flower that is offered to any deity, rather, each flower holds a different significance and thus chosen to be offered to a particular deity.
If you wish to know the relevance of various flowers that can be offered to Hindu Gods and Goddesses, we recommend reading the following post!
Why Are Flowers Offered to Gods During Puja?
Here are some reasons that may help in explaining why flowers are offered to Gods:
- It is a common belief that flowers give happiness to Gods and if you wish to please God, offering flowers may help.
- Flowers are one of the most beautiful creations in the world. By offering flowers, you can show your utmost devotion and love to your deity.
- The fragrance of the flowers lends a positive and aesthetic vibe to the place of worship. It helps in attracting positive energy and creating an ideal environment for prayer and worshipping.
- The word ‘puja’ is made from two syllables ‘pu’ means flowers and ‘ja’ means chanting and water. Therefore, the word or prayer denotes offering of flowers.
Which Flowers Are Offered to Hindu God and Goddess in Puja?
Hindu tradition holds great significance in offering flowers to Gods and Goddess but many of us may not be aware that different varieties of flowers are offered to different deities.
Following are some popular flowers offered to the deities:
1. Jasmine
This small fragrant flower not only has great medicinal value but it also holds great religious significance.
It is believed that if you wish to please Lord Hanuman, jasmine is one of the flowers that you should consider offering along with vermilion.
2. Palash
Palash flowers are one of the most essential requirements for worshipping goddess Saraswati.
It is believed that Goddess Saraswati is fond of white coloured flowers, however, puja without Palash flowers is considered incomplete.
3. Marigold
Lord Ganesha is believed to like red coloured flowers, and marigold is one of them.
This saffron coloured flower is offered in the form of a garland or otherwise too.
This is one of the flowers that can be used in the form of petals too.
In some traditions, this flower is also offered to Lord Vishnu.
4. Lotus
The Goddess of wealth and prosperity, Goddess Laxmi is fond of lotus and for this reason, this flower is used to worship during Laxmi pujan or during Diwali. Keeping a lotus seed garland or mala in the temple of your home is believed to please the Goddess of good fortune.
5. Parijata or Indian Magnolia
Night-flowering coral jasmine is considered a divine flower and is believed to please Lord Vishnu.
It is believed that this flower emerged during the ocean churning and Lord Indra got it to heaven.
6. Red Hibiscus
The Goddess Kali epitomises fierceness and the flower that depicts this beautifully is red hibiscus.
The shape of the flower symbolises the goddess’s tongue and the vibrant red colour depicts Kali Maa’s fierceness.
7. Crown Flower
This whitish purplish flower is used while worshipping Lord Shiva.
Also, known as akanda, this poisonous flower is one of the most important ingredients of Shiv puja.
8. Nerium Oleander
Goddess Durga is offered flowers in reddish hues, and Nerium Oleander is one such flower.
9. Purple Orchid
This beautiful and exotic flower is also a very popular flower in Hindu worshipping.
This dainty flower is offered to Lord Shiva. This can be offered with milk or otherwise too.
10. Dhatura
As per Hindu mythology, Lord Shiva consumed the poison that was obtained during the ocean churning.
After doing so, this flower emerged from Lord Shiva’s chest and since then it is believed to be his favourite flower.
This Shiv puja flower is offered to the God to let go off negative emotions like ego, hatred, envy, etc.
Which Flowers Should Not Be Offered to Gods?
Here are some flowers that should never be offered to Gods:
- Aksada is not used during Vishu pujan.
- Ketaki or kewada is not offered to Lord Shiva.
- Amla or arka is not used while offering prayers to Goddess Parvati.
- Vilva or bael leaves are not offered to Sun God or Surya devta.
- Arali or Nerium Oleander is not offered to Lord Rama.
Things to Remember When Choosing and Offering Flowers to God
Take note of the following tips while choosing and offering flowers to God:
- Never offer flowers that are picked up from the ground.
- Never steal or beg for flowers which you wish to offer to God.
- Always offer flowers and not the buds. However, lotus and champa buds are exceptions.
- Never pluck flowers after dusk and show respect and gratitude towards the plant when you pluck flowers.
- Always offer fresh flowers, refrain from offering wilted or withered ones.
- Do not wash flowers; you may sprinkle water on them.
- Do not offer diseased or flowers infested with worms etc.
- In case you cannot acquire fresh bilva leaves, the ones which have been already offered can be washed and reused.
- You may pluck lotus and use it later because it stays fresh for up to 5 days.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions or FAQs:
1. Why Should I Not Pluck Flowers After Sunset?
As per Hindu mythology, the sandhya kaal or time after sunset emits negative energy or distressing frequencies and anything pious should not be undertaken during this time and plucking flower for puja is one such thing that should be avoided.
2. Why Specific Flower Is Offered to the Specific Deity?
It is believed that the different colours and fragrances lend a different quality and frequency to each flower.
This renders different kinds of flowers to attract the principals of specific Gods and Goddesses.
3. Why Is It a Must to choose Fresh Flowers for God?
As per our holy scriptures, when it comes to worshipping, only the best has to be used and the same goes for the flowers too.
Therefore, only fresh flowers are used for offering.
We hope this post helped you to understand the relevance of various flowers in worshipping different deities.
Everything You Need To Know About Pooja Flowers
Pooja and Flowers
For ages, flowers have been an integral part of worship. Pooja rituals will be incomplete without offering fresh flowers to the deities.
The word ’Pooja’ itself has a connection with flowers, the 1st half of the word ‘Poo’ means flowers, while the 2nd part, ‘Ja,’ refers to prayers.
Flowers help us to connect with God and act as a medium of worship.
During worship, offering sacred flowers and leaves enhances devotion and proves our faith and loyalty towards the Supreme power.
Not all varieties of flowers are ideal for worship; the rules prescribed by our ancient customs and scriptures have to be followed while picking and using the flowers for pooja.
You will learn more about the pooja flowers and the ways to use them.
Basic rules of using Pooja flowers
There are some basic rules to be adhered during picking the flowers for pooja. These rules ensure the performing of Puja as per the procedure.
- Don’t pick flowers from the ground and use them for worship.
- Not buds, but only full flowers have to be used for pooja, except for Champa buds and lotus.
- Avoid plucking flowers from the plant after dusk as it is their sleep time.
- Wilted flowers should not be used in worship.
- Just sprinkle water on the flowers before pooja but never wash them.
- Worm-infested flowers are not ideal for pooja.
- If you cannot source fresh Bilva leaves for Shiva pooja, you can use the already offered bilva leaves by washing them once. But please note that they are ideal for reuse for only three days.
- You can pluck lotus and use it later as they can stay fresh for up to 5 days.
Flowers prohibited in pooja.
The following points will give you an idea of the flowers to be used in poojas.
- Aksada flower is never used in Vishnu Puja.
- Ketaki or kewada is not ideal for Shiva puja.
- Amla and arka should not be offered to Goddess Parvati.
- Bael leaves are not used in poojas of the Sun God.
- Avoid using Arali or Nerium oleander while worshipping Lord Ram.
Popular flowers offered to God.
Among the flowers eligible for pooja, some unique flowers are considered very sacred for worship.
Also, it is worthy to note different varieties of flowers are offered to different deities.
Following are some popular flowers used for worship.
- Jasmine
It is a small fragrant flower that has great religious significance.
Jasmine flower is ideal for use in Lord Hanuman and Goddesses worship
- Palash
Palash flowers are ideal for the worship of Goddess Saraswati.
Therefore, Puja performed to her without Palash flowers is considered incomplete.
- Marigold
Lord Ganesha is fond of red-colored flowers, and marigold is the most important of them.
It can be offered to him in the form of a garland or as Pushparchana.
This flower can be used in the form of petals too.
In some traditions, this flower is ideal for Lord Vishnu worship.
- Lotus
This flower is of great spiritual significance.
The Goddess of wealth and prosperity, Ma Laxmi, is very fond of lotus, and she is worshipped with this flower during Laxmi puja and Diwali.
- Parijata or Indian Magnolia
The night-blossoming coral jasmine is a sacred flower and useful in the worship of Lord Vishnu. This flower is believed to bring good fortune.
- Red Hibiscus
Goddess Kali epitomizes fierceness, and the flower that depicts this beautifully is red hibiscus.
The shape of the flower symbolizes the Goddess’s tongue, and the vibrant red color depicts Kali Maa’s fierceness.
Hibiscus is also offered to Lord Ganesh.
- Crown Flower
This whitish purplish flower known as akanda is poisonous but is a vital component of Shiv puja.
- Nerium Oleander
Flowers in reddish hues are ideal for Durga worship, and being red, Nerium Oleander is widely used during her Puja.
- Purple Orchid
This beautiful and exotic flower is ideal to be offered to Lord Shiva.
Purple Orchid flowers can be offered with milk or otherwise too.
- Dhatura
According to Hindu mythology, to save the world, Lord Shiva had to consume the poison that emerged during the churning of the milky ocean.
This flower emerged from Lord Shiva’s chest after he drank the poison, and since then, it is believed to be his favorite flower.
Flowers please Gods, and if you wish to bring the grace of God upon you, offering flowers will help immensely.
They are God’s most beautiful creations.
The fragrance of the flowers lends a positive and aesthetic vibe to the place of worship and helps attract positive energy and create an ideal environment for worship.